Long-term Complications of Snake Bites to the Upper Extremity

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine long-term complications of upper- extremity snake envenomations. The records of 73 patients, who were seen for snake bites  were obtained; 46 of these patients had bites to the upper extremity, and 27 had bites to the  lower extremity. These patients were graded according to the severity of the bite. The snakes  involved were eastern diamondback rattlesnake, coral snake, pigmy rattlesnake, water  moccasin, and unknown. Fourteen of the 46 patients receiving upper extremity bites were  examined by a hand surgeon and an occupational hand therapist 1 to 3.2 years after their bite.  Subjective pain data, range-of-motion, intrinsic, extrinsic, finger-flexion tightness, grip  strength, pinch strength and objective  sensory data were collected. Four patients had  continued pain and tissue atrophy at the bite site. There were no long-term sequelae from a  missed compartment syndrome.